Torah reading
Deuteronomy 1:1-3:22
1אֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן בַּמִּדְבָּר בָּֽעֲרָבָה מוֹל סוּף בֵּֽין־פָּארָן וּבֵֽין־תֹּפֶל וְלָבָן וַחֲצֵרֹת וְדִי זָהָֽבThese are the words that Moses addressed to all Israel on the other side of the Jordan.—Through the wilderness, in the Arabah near Suph, between Paran and Tophel, Laban, Hazeroth, and Di-zahab,
2אַחַד עָשָׂר יוֹם מֵֽחֹרֵב דֶּרֶךְ הַר־שֵׂעִיר עַד קָדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַit is eleven days from Horeb to Kadesh-barnea by the Mount Seir route.—
3וַֽיְהִי בְּאַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ דִּבֶּר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֹתוֹ אֲלֵהֶֽםIt was in the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, that Moses addressed the Israelites in accordance with the instructions that GOD had given him for them,
4אַחֲרֵי הַכֹּתוֹ אֵת סִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר יוֹשֵׁב בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹן וְאֵת עוֹג מֶלֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן אֲשֶׁר־יוֹשֵׁב בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִיafter he had defeated Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and King Og of Bashan, who dwelt at Ashtaroth [and] Edrei.
5בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן בְּאֶרֶץ מוֹאָב הוֹאִיל מֹשֶׁה בֵּאֵר אֶת־הַתּוֹרָה הַזֹּאת לֵאמֹֽרOn the other side of the Jordan, in the land of Moab, Moses undertook to expound this Teaching. He said:
6יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ דִּבֶּר אֵלֵינוּ בְּחֹרֵב לֵאמֹר רַב־לָכֶם שֶׁבֶת בָּהָר הַזֶּֽהThe ETERNAL our God spoke to us at Horeb, saying: You have stayed long enough at this mountain.
7פְּנוּ וּסְעוּ לָכֶם וּבֹאוּ הַר הָֽאֱמֹרִי וְאֶל־כׇּל־שְׁכֵנָיו בָּעֲרָבָה בָהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֹף הַיָּם אֶרֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי וְהַלְּבָנוֹן עַד־הַנָּהָר הַגָּדֹל נְהַר־פְּרָֽתStart out and make your way to the hill country of the Amorites and to all their neighbors in the Arabah, the hill country, the Shephelah, the Negeb, the seacoast, the land of the Canaanites, and the Lebanon, as far as the Great River, the river Euphrates.
8רְאֵה נָתַתִּי לִפְנֵיכֶם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ בֹּאוּ וּרְשׁוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע יְהֹוָה לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶם לְאַבְרָהָם לְיִצְחָק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹב לָתֵת לָהֶם וּלְזַרְעָם אַחֲרֵיהֶֽםSee, I place the land at your disposal. Go, take possession of the land that GOD swore to your fathers Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to assign to them and to their heirs after them.
9וָאֹמַר אֲלֵכֶם בָּעֵת הַהִוא לֵאמֹר לֹא־אוּכַל לְבַדִּי שְׂאֵת אֶתְכֶֽםThereupon I said to you, “I cannot bear the burden of you by myself.
10יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם הִרְבָּה אֶתְכֶם וְהִנְּכֶם הַיּוֹם כְּכוֹכְבֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם לָרֹֽבThe ETERNAL your God has multiplied you until you are today as numerous as the stars in the sky.—
11יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶם יֹסֵף עֲלֵיכֶם כָּכֶם אֶלֶף פְּעָמִים וִיבָרֵךְ אֶתְכֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לָכֶֽםMay the ETERNAL, the God of your ancestors, increase your numbers a thousandfold, and bless you as promised.—
12אֵיכָה אֶשָּׂא לְבַדִּי טׇרְחֲכֶם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶם וְרִֽיבְכֶֽםHow can I bear unaided the trouble of you, and the burden, and the bickering!
13הָבוּ לָכֶם אֲנָשִׁים חֲכָמִים וּנְבֹנִים וִידֻעִים לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶם וַאֲשִׂימֵם בְּרָאשֵׁיכֶֽםPick from each of your tribes individuals who are wise, discerning, and experienced, and I will appoint them as your heads.”
14וַֽתַּעֲנוּ אֹתִי וַתֹּאמְרוּ טֽוֹב־הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּרְתָּ לַעֲשֽׂוֹתYou answered me and said, “What you propose to do is good.”
15וָאֶקַּח אֶת־רָאשֵׁי שִׁבְטֵיכֶם אֲנָשִׁים חֲכָמִים וִֽידֻעִים וָאֶתֵּן אוֹתָם רָאשִׁים עֲלֵיכֶם שָׂרֵי אֲלָפִים וְשָׂרֵי מֵאוֹת וְשָׂרֵי חֲמִשִּׁים וְשָׂרֵי עֲשָׂרֹת וְשֹׁטְרִים לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶֽםSo I took your tribal leaders, wise and experienced men, and appointed them heads over you: chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of tens, and officials for your tribes.
16וָאֲצַוֶּה אֶת־שֹׁפְטֵיכֶם בָּעֵת הַהִוא לֵאמֹר שָׁמֹעַ בֵּין־אֲחֵיכֶם וּשְׁפַטְתֶּם צֶדֶק בֵּֽין־אִישׁ וּבֵין־אָחִיו וּבֵין גֵּרֽוֹI charged your magistrates at that time as follows, “Hear out your fellow Israelites, and decide justly between one party and the other—be it a fellow Israelite or a stranger.
17לֹֽא־תַכִּירוּ פָנִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּט כַּקָּטֹן כַּגָּדֹל תִּשְׁמָעוּן לֹא תָגוּרוּ מִפְּנֵי־אִישׁ כִּי הַמִּשְׁפָּט לֵאלֹהִים הוּא וְהַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יִקְשֶׁה מִכֶּם תַּקְרִבוּן אֵלַי וּשְׁמַעְתִּֽיוYou shall not be partial in judgment: hear out low and high alike. Fear no one, for judgment is God’s. And any matter that is too difficult for you, you shall bring to me and I will hear it.”
18וָאֲצַוֶּה אֶתְכֶם בָּעֵת הַהִוא אֵת כׇּל־הַדְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשֽׂוּןThus I instructed you, at that time, about the various things that you should do.
19וַנִּסַּע מֵחֹרֵב וַנֵּלֶךְ אֵת כׇּל־הַמִּדְבָּר הַגָּדוֹל וְהַנּוֹרָא הַהוּא אֲשֶׁר רְאִיתֶם דֶּרֶךְ הַר הָֽאֱמֹרִי כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ אֹתָנוּ וַנָּבֹא עַד קָדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַWe set out from Horeb and traveled the great and terrible wilderness that you saw, along the road to the hill country of the Amorites, as the ETERNAL our God had commanded us. When we reached Kadesh-barnea,
20וָאֹמַר אֲלֵכֶם בָּאתֶם עַד־הַר הָאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ נֹתֵן לָֽנוּI said to you, “You have come to the hill country of the Amorites that the ETERNAL our God is giving to us.
21רְאֵה נָתַן יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְפָנֶיךָ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ עֲלֵה רֵשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֶיךָ לָךְ אַל־תִּירָא וְאַל־תֵּחָֽתSee, the ETERNAL your God has placed the land at your disposal. Go up, take possession, as the ETERNAL, the God of your fathers, promised you. Fear not and be not dismayed.”
22וַתִּקְרְבוּן אֵלַי כֻּלְּכֶם וַתֹּאמְרוּ נִשְׁלְחָה אֲנָשִׁים לְפָנֵינוּ וְיַחְפְּרוּ־לָנוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וְיָשִׁבוּ אֹתָנוּ דָּבָר אֶת־הַדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר נַעֲלֶה־בָּהּ וְאֵת הֶֽעָרִים אֲשֶׁר נָבֹא אֲלֵיהֶֽןThen all of you came to me and said, “Let us send agents ahead to reconnoiter the land for us and bring back word on the route we shall follow and the cities we shall come to.”
23וַיִּיטַב בְּעֵינַי הַדָּבָר וָאֶקַּח מִכֶּם שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר אֲנָשִׁים אִישׁ אֶחָד לַשָּֽׁבֶטI approved of the plan, and so I selected twelve of you, one representative from each tribe.
24וַיִּפְנוּ וַיַּעֲלוּ הָהָרָה וַיָּבֹאוּ עַד־נַחַל אֶשְׁכֹּל וַֽיְרַגְּלוּ אֹתָֽהּThey made for the hill country, came to the wadi Eshcol, and spied it out.
25וַיִּקְחוּ בְיָדָם מִפְּרִי הָאָרֶץ וַיּוֹרִדוּ אֵלֵינוּ וַיָּשִׁבוּ אֹתָנוּ דָבָר וַיֹּאמְרוּ טוֹבָה הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ נֹתֵן לָֽנוּThey took some of the fruit of the land with them and brought it down to us. And they gave us this report: “It is a good land that the ETERNAL our God is giving to us.”
26וְלֹא אֲבִיתֶם לַעֲלֹת וַתַּמְרוּ אֶת־פִּי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽםYet you refused to go up, and flouted the command of the ETERNAL your God.
27וַתֵּרָגְנוּ בְאׇהֳלֵיכֶם וַתֹּאמְרוּ בְּשִׂנְאַת יְהֹוָה אֹתָנוּ הוֹצִיאָנוּ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם לָתֵת אֹתָנוּ בְּיַד הָאֱמֹרִי לְהַשְׁמִידֵֽנוּYou sulked in your tents and said, “It is out of hatred for us that GOD brought us out of the land of Egypt, to hand us over to the Amorites to wipe us out.
28אָנָה אֲנַחְנוּ עֹלִים אַחֵינוּ הֵמַסּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵנוּ לֵאמֹר עַם גָּדוֹל וָרָם מִמֶּנּוּ עָרִים גְּדֹלֹת וּבְצוּרֹת בַּשָּׁמָיִם וְגַם־בְּנֵי עֲנָקִים רָאִינוּ שָֽׁםWhat kind of place are we going to? Our brothers have taken the heart out of us, saying, ‘We saw there a people stronger and taller than we, large cities with walls sky-high, and even Anakites.’”
29וָאֹמַר אֲלֵכֶם לֹא־תַעַרְצוּן וְלֹא־תִֽירְאוּן מֵהֶֽםI said to you, “Have no dread or fear of them.
30יְהֹוָה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם הַהֹלֵךְ לִפְנֵיכֶם הוּא יִלָּחֵם לָכֶם כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה אִתְּכֶם בְּמִצְרַיִם לְעֵינֵיכֶֽםNone other than the ETERNAL your God, who goes before you, will fight for you—just as [God] did for you in Egypt before your very eyes,
31וּבַמִּדְבָּר אֲשֶׁר רָאִיתָ אֲשֶׁר נְשָׂאֲךָ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ כַּאֲשֶׁר יִשָּׂא־אִישׁ אֶת־בְּנוֹ בְּכׇל־הַדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הֲלַכְתֶּם עַד־בֹּאֲכֶם עַד־הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּֽהand in the wilderness, where you saw how the ETERNAL your God carried you, as a man carries his son, all the way that you traveled until you came to this place.
32וּבַדָּבָר הַזֶּה אֵֽינְכֶם מַאֲמִינִם בַּיהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽםYet for all that, you have no faith in the ETERNAL your God,
33הַהֹלֵךְ לִפְנֵיכֶם בַּדֶּרֶךְ לָתוּר לָכֶם מָקוֹם לַחֲנֹֽתְכֶם בָּאֵשׁ לַיְלָה לַרְאֹֽתְכֶם בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָהּ וּבֶעָנָן יוֹמָֽםwho goes before you on your journeys—to scout the place where you are to encamp—in fire by night and in cloud by day, in order to guide you on the route you are to follow.”
34וַיִּשְׁמַע יְהֹוָה אֶת־קוֹל דִּבְרֵיכֶם וַיִּקְצֹף וַיִּשָּׁבַע לֵאמֹֽרUpon hearing your loud complaint, GOD became angry and vowed:
35אִם־יִרְאֶה אִישׁ בָּאֲנָשִׁים הָאֵלֶּה הַדּוֹר הָרָע הַזֶּה אֵת הָאָרֶץ הַטּוֹבָה אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי לָתֵת לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽםNot one of those involved, this evil generation, shall see the good land that I swore to give to your fathers—
36זֽוּלָתִי כָּלֵב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה הוּא יִרְאֶנָּה וְלֽוֹ־אֶתֵּן אֶת־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר דָּֽרַךְ־בָּהּ וּלְבָנָיו יַעַן אֲשֶׁר מִלֵּא אַחֲרֵי יְהֹוָֽהnone except Caleb son of Jephunneh; he shall see it, and to him and his descendants will I give the land on which he set foot, because he remained loyal to GOD.—
37גַּם־בִּי הִתְאַנַּף יְהֹוָה בִּגְלַלְכֶם לֵאמֹר גַּם־אַתָּה לֹא־תָבֹא שָֽׁםBecause of you GOD was incensed with me too, saying: You shall not enter it either.
38יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן הָעֹמֵד לְפָנֶיךָ הוּא יָבֹא שָׁמָּה אֹתוֹ חַזֵּק כִּי־הוּא יַנְחִלֶנָּה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽלJoshua son of Nun, who attends you, he shall enter it. Imbue him with strength, for he shall allot it to Israel.—
39וְטַפְּכֶם אֲשֶׁר אֲמַרְתֶּם לָבַז יִהְיֶה וּבְנֵיכֶם אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יָדְעוּ הַיּוֹם טוֹב וָרָע הֵמָּה יָבֹאוּ שָׁמָּה וְלָהֶם אֶתְּנֶנָּה וְהֵם יִירָשֽׁוּהָMoreover, your little ones who you said would be carried off, your children who do not yet know good from bad, they shall enter it; to them will I give it and they shall possess it.
40וְאַתֶּם פְּנוּ לָכֶם וּסְעוּ הַמִּדְבָּרָה דֶּרֶךְ יַם־סֽוּףAs for you, turn about and march into the wilderness by the way of the Sea of Reeds.
41וַֽתַּעֲנוּ וַתֹּאמְרוּ אֵלַי חָטָאנוּ לַיהֹוָה אֲנַחְנוּ נַעֲלֶה וְנִלְחַמְנוּ כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּנוּ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ וַֽתַּחְגְּרוּ אִישׁ אֶת־כְּלֵי מִלְחַמְתּוֹ וַתָּהִינוּ לַעֲלֹת הָהָֽרָהYou replied to me, saying, “We stand guilty before GOD. We will go up now and fight, just as the ETERNAL our God commanded us.” And you each girded yourselves with war gear and recklessly started for the hill country.
42וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֵלַי אֱמֹר לָהֶם לֹא תַֽעֲלוּ וְלֹא־תִלָּחֲמוּ כִּי אֵינֶנִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶם וְלֹא תִּנָּגְפוּ לִפְנֵי אֹיְבֵיכֶֽםBut GOD said to me, “Warn them: Do not go up and do not fight, since I am not in your midst; else you will be routed by your enemies.”
43וָאֲדַבֵּר אֲלֵיכֶם וְלֹא שְׁמַעְתֶּם וַתַּמְרוּ אֶת־פִּי יְהֹוָה וַתָּזִדוּ וַתַּעֲלוּ הָהָֽרָהI spoke to you, but you would not listen; you flouted GOD’s command and willfully marched into the hill country.
44וַיֵּצֵא הָאֱמֹרִי הַיֹּשֵׁב בָּהָר הַהוּא לִקְרַאתְכֶם וַיִּרְדְּפוּ אֶתְכֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשֶׂינָה הַדְּבֹרִים וַֽיַּכְּתוּ אֶתְכֶם בְּשֵׂעִיר עַד־חׇרְמָֽהThen the Amorites who lived in those hills came out against you like so many bees and chased you, and they crushed you at Hormah in Seir.
45וַתָּשֻׁבוּ וַתִּבְכּוּ לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וְלֹֽא־שָׁמַע יְהֹוָה בְּקֹלְכֶם וְלֹא הֶאֱזִין אֲלֵיכֶֽםAgain you wept before GOD; but GOD would not heed your cry or give ear to you.
46וַתֵּשְׁבוּ בְקָדֵשׁ יָמִים רַבִּים כַּיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר יְשַׁבְתֶּֽםThus, after you had remained at Kadesh all that long time,
47וַנֵּפֶן וַנִּסַּע הַמִּדְבָּרָה דֶּרֶךְ יַם־סוּף כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר יְהֹוָה אֵלָי וַנָּסׇב אֶת־הַר־שֵׂעִיר יָמִים רַבִּֽיםwe marched back into the wilderness by the way of the Sea of Reeds, as GOD had spoken to me, and skirted the hill country of Seir a long time.
48וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹֽרThen GOD said to me:
49רַב־לָכֶם סֹב אֶת־הָהָר הַזֶּה פְּנוּ לָכֶם צָפֹֽנָהYou have been skirting this hill country long enough; now turn north.
50וְאֶת־הָעָם צַו לֵאמֹר אַתֶּם עֹֽבְרִים בִּגְבוּל אֲחֵיכֶם בְּנֵי־עֵשָׂו הַיֹּשְׁבִים בְּשֵׂעִיר וְיִֽירְאוּ מִכֶּם וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּם מְאֹֽדAnd charge the people as follows: You will be passing through the territory of your kin, the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. Though they will be afraid of you, be very careful
51אַל־תִּתְגָּרוּ בָם כִּי לֹֽא־אֶתֵּן לָכֶם מֵֽאַרְצָם עַד מִדְרַךְ כַּף־רָגֶל כִּֽי־יְרֻשָּׁה לְעֵשָׂו נָתַתִּי אֶת־הַר שֵׂעִֽירnot to provoke them. For I will not give you of their land so much as a foot can tread on; I have given the hill country of Seir as a possession to Esau.
52אֹכֶל תִּשְׁבְּרוּ מֵֽאִתָּם בַּכֶּסֶף וַאֲכַלְתֶּם וְגַם־מַיִם תִּכְרוּ מֵאִתָּם בַּכֶּסֶף וּשְׁתִיתֶֽםWhat food you eat you shall obtain from them for money; even the water you drink you shall procure from them for money.
53כִּי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בֵּֽרַכְךָ בְּכֹל מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶךָ יָדַע לֶכְתְּךָ אֶת־הַמִּדְבָּר הַגָּדֹל הַזֶּה זֶה אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ עִמָּךְ לֹא חָסַרְתָּ דָּבָֽרIndeed, the ETERNAL your God has blessed you in all your undertakings, watching over your wanderings through this great wilderness; the ETERNAL your God has been with you these past forty years: you have lacked nothing.
54וַֽנַּעֲבֹר מֵאֵת אַחֵינוּ בְנֵי־עֵשָׂו הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים בְּשֵׂעִיר מִדֶּרֶךְ הָֽעֲרָבָה מֵאֵילַת וּמֵעֶצְיֹן גָּבֶר וַנֵּפֶן וַֽנַּעֲבֹר דֶּרֶךְ מִדְבַּר מוֹאָֽבWe then moved on, away from our kin, the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir, away from the road of the Arabah, away from Elath and Ezion-geber; and we marched on in the direction of the wilderness of Moab.
55וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֵלַי אַל־תָּצַר אֶת־מוֹאָב וְאַל־תִּתְגָּר בָּם מִלְחָמָה כִּי לֹֽא־אֶתֵּן לְךָ מֵֽאַרְצוֹ יְרֻשָּׁה כִּי לִבְנֵי־לוֹט נָתַתִּי אֶת־עָר יְרֻשָּֽׁהAnd GOD said to me: Do not harass the Moabites or provoke them to war. For I will not give you any of their land as a possession; I have assigned Ar as a possession to the descendants of Lot.—
56הָאֵמִים לְפָנִים יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ עַם גָּדוֹל וְרַב וָרָם כָּעֲנָקִֽיםIt was formerly inhabited by the Emim, a people great and numerous, and as tall as the Anakites.
57רְפָאִים יֵחָשְׁבוּ אַף־הֵם כָּעֲנָקִים וְהַמֹּאָבִים יִקְרְאוּ לָהֶם אֵמִֽיםLike the Anakites, they are counted as Rephaim; but the Moabites call them Emim.
58וּבְשֵׂעִיר יָשְׁבוּ הַחֹרִים לְפָנִים וּבְנֵי עֵשָׂו יִֽירָשׁוּם וַיַּשְׁמִידוּם מִפְּנֵיהֶם וַיֵּשְׁבוּ תַּחְתָּם כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאֶרֶץ יְרֻשָּׁתוֹ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַן יְהֹוָה לָהֶֽםSimilarly, Seir was formerly inhabited by the Horites; but the descendants of Esau dispossessed them, wiping them out and settling in their place, just as Israel did in the land they were to possess, which GOD had given to them.—
59עַתָּה קֻמוּ וְעִבְרוּ לָכֶם אֶת־נַחַל זָרֶד וַֽנַּעֲבֹר אֶת־נַחַל זָֽרֶדUp now! Cross the wadi Zered! So we crossed the wadi Zered.
60וְהַיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר־הָלַכְנוּ מִקָּדֵשׁ בַּרְנֵעַ עַד אֲשֶׁר־עָבַרְנוּ אֶת־נַחַל זֶרֶד שְׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁמֹנֶה שָׁנָה עַד־תֹּם כׇּל־הַדּוֹר אַנְשֵׁי הַמִּלְחָמָה מִקֶּרֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶה כַּאֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע יְהֹוָה לָהֶֽםThe time that we spent in travel from Kadesh-barnea until we crossed the wadi Zered was thirty-eight years, until that whole generation of warriors had perished from the camp, as GOD had sworn concerning them.
61וְגַם יַד־יְהֹוָה הָיְתָה בָּם לְהֻמָּם מִקֶּרֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶה עַד תֻּמָּֽםIndeed, GOD’s hand struck them, to root them out from the camp until they were finished off.
62וַיְהִי כַאֲשֶׁר־תַּמּוּ כׇּל־אַנְשֵׁי הַמִּלְחָמָה לָמוּת מִקֶּרֶב הָעָֽםWhen all the warriors among the people had died off,
63וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹֽרGOD spoke to me, saying:
64אַתָּה עֹבֵר הַיּוֹם אֶת־גְּבוּל מוֹאָב אֶת־עָֽרYou are now passing through the territory of Moab, through Ar.
65וְקָרַבְתָּ מוּל בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן אַל־תְּצֻרֵם וְאַל־תִּתְגָּר בָּם כִּי לֹֽא־אֶתֵּן מֵאֶרֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּוֹן לְךָ יְרֻשָּׁה כִּי לִבְנֵי־לוֹט נְתַתִּיהָ יְרֻשָּֽׁהYou will then be close to the Ammonites; do not harass them or start a fight with them. For I will not give any part of the land of the Ammonites to you as a possession; I have assigned it as a possession to the descendants of Lot.—
66אֶֽרֶץ־רְפָאִים תֵּחָשֵׁב אַף־הִוא רְפָאִים יָֽשְׁבוּ־בָהּ לְפָנִים וְהָֽעַמֹּנִים יִקְרְאוּ לָהֶם זַמְזֻמִּֽיםIt, too, is counted as Rephaim country. It was formerly inhabited by Rephaim, whom the Ammonites call Zamzummim,
67עַם גָּדוֹל וְרַב וָרָם כָּעֲנָקִים וַיַּשְׁמִידֵם יְהֹוָה מִפְּנֵיהֶם וַיִּירָשֻׁם וַיֵּשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּֽםa people great and numerous and as tall as the Anakites. GOD wiped them out, so that [the Ammonites] dispossessed them and settled in their place,
68כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לִבְנֵי עֵשָׂו הַיֹּשְׁבִים בְּשֵׂעִיר אֲשֶׁר הִשְׁמִיד אֶת־הַחֹרִי מִפְּנֵיהֶם וַיִּֽירָשֻׁם וַיֵּשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּם עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּֽהas [GOD] did for the descendants of Esau who live in Seir, by wiping out the Horites before them, so that they dispossessed them and settled in their place, as is still the case.
69וְהָֽעַוִּים הַיֹּשְׁבִים בַּחֲצֵרִים עַד־עַזָּה כַּפְתֹּרִים הַיֹּצְאִים מִכַּפְתֹּר הִשְׁמִידֻם וַיֵּשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּֽםSo, too, with the Avvim who dwelt in villages in the vicinity of Gaza: the Caphtorim, who came from Crete, wiped them out and settled in their place.—
70קוּמוּ סְּעוּ וְעִבְרוּ אֶת־נַחַל אַרְנֹן רְאֵה נָתַתִּי בְיָדְךָ אֶת־סִיחֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־חֶשְׁבּוֹן הָֽאֱמֹרִי וְאֶת־אַרְצוֹ הָחֵל רָשׁ וְהִתְגָּר בּוֹ מִלְחָמָֽהUp! Set out across the wadi Arnon! See, I give into your power Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land. Begin the occupation: engage him in battle.
71הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה אָחֵל תֵּת פַּחְדְּךָ וְיִרְאָתְךָ עַל־פְּנֵי הָֽעַמִּים תַּחַת כׇּל־הַשָּׁמָיִם אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁמְעוּן שִׁמְעֲךָ וְרָגְזוּ וְחָלוּ מִפָּנֶֽיךָThis day I begin to put the dread and fear of you upon the peoples everywhere under heaven, so that they shall tremble and quake because of you whenever they hear you mentioned.
72וָאֶשְׁלַח מַלְאָכִים מִמִּדְבַּר קְדֵמוֹת אֶל־סִיחוֹן מֶלֶךְ חֶשְׁבּוֹן דִּבְרֵי שָׁלוֹם לֵאמֹֽרThen I sent messengers from the wilderness of Kedemoth to King Sihon of Heshbon with an offer of peace, as follows,
73אֶעְבְּרָה בְאַרְצֶךָ בַּדֶּרֶךְ בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֵלֵךְ לֹא אָסוּר יָמִין וּשְׂמֹֽאול“Let me pass through your country. I will keep strictly to the highway, turning off neither to the right nor to the left.
74אֹכֶל בַּכֶּסֶף תַּשְׁבִּרֵנִי וְאָכַלְתִּי וּמַיִם בַּכֶּסֶף תִּתֶּן־לִי וְשָׁתִיתִי רַק אֶעְבְּרָה בְרַגְלָֽיWhat food I eat you will supply for money, and what water I drink you will furnish for money; just let me pass through—
75כַּאֲשֶׁר עָֽשׂוּ־לִי בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים בְּשֵׂעִיר וְהַמּוֹאָבִים הַיֹּשְׁבִים בְּעָר עַד אֲשֶֽׁר־אֶֽעֱבֹר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ נֹתֵן לָֽנוּas the descendants of Esau who dwell in Seir did for me, and the Moabites who dwell in Ar—that I may cross the Jordan into the land that the ETERNAL our God is giving us.”
76וְלֹא אָבָה סִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַעֲבִרֵנוּ בּוֹ כִּֽי־הִקְשָׁה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֶת־רוּחוֹ וְאִמֵּץ אֶת־לְבָבוֹ לְמַעַן תִּתּוֹ בְיָדְךָ כַּיּוֹם הַזֶּֽהBut King Sihon of Heshbon refused to let us pass through, because GOD had stiffened his will and hardened his heart in order to deliver him into your power—as is now the case.
77וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֵלַי רְאֵה הַֽחִלֹּתִי תֵּת לְפָנֶיךָ אֶת־סִיחֹן וְאֶת־אַרְצוֹ הָחֵל רָשׁ לָרֶשֶׁת אֶת־אַרְצֽוֹAnd GOD said to me: See, I begin by placing Sihon and his land at your disposal. Begin the occupation; take possession of his land.
78וַיֵּצֵא סִיחֹן לִקְרָאתֵנוּ הוּא וְכׇל־עַמּוֹ לַמִּלְחָמָה יָֽהְצָהSihon with all his troops took the field against us at Jahaz,
79וַֽיִּתְּנֵהוּ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ לְפָנֵינוּ וַנַּךְ אֹתוֹ וְאֶת־בָּנָו וְאֶת־כׇּל־עַמּֽוֹand the ETERNAL our God delivered him to us and we defeated him and his sons and all his troops.
80וַנִּלְכֹּד אֶת־כׇּל־עָרָיו בָּעֵת הַהִוא וַֽנַּחֲרֵם אֶת־כׇּל־עִיר מְתִם וְהַנָּשִׁים וְהַטָּף לֹא הִשְׁאַרְנוּ שָׂרִֽידAt that time we captured all his towns, and we doomed every town—men, women, and children—leaving no survivor.
81רַק הַבְּהֵמָה בָּזַזְנוּ לָנוּ וּשְׁלַל הֶעָרִים אֲשֶׁר לָכָֽדְנוּWe retained as booty only the cattle and the spoil of the cities that we captured.
82מֵֽעֲרֹעֵר אֲשֶׁר עַל־שְׂפַת־נַחַל אַרְנֹן וְהָעִיר אֲשֶׁר בַּנַּחַל וְעַד־הַגִּלְעָד לֹא הָֽיְתָה קִרְיָה אֲשֶׁר שָׂגְבָה מִמֶּנּוּ אֶת־הַכֹּל נָתַן יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ לְפָנֵֽינוּFrom Aroer on the edge of the Arnon valley, including the town in the valley itself, to Gilead, not a city was too mighty for us; the ETERNAL our God delivered everything to us.
83רַק אֶל־אֶרֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּוֹן לֹא קָרָבְתָּ כׇּל־יַד נַחַל יַבֹּק וְעָרֵי הָהָר וְכֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּBut you did not encroach upon the land of the Ammonites, all along the wadi Jabbok and the towns of the hill country, just as the ETERNAL our God had commanded.
84וַנֵּפֶן וַנַּעַל דֶּרֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן וַיֵּצֵא עוֹג מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁן לִקְרָאתֵנוּ הוּא וְכׇל־עַמּוֹ לַמִּלְחָמָה אֶדְרֶֽעִיWe made our way up the road toward Bashan, and King Og of Bashan with all his troops took the field against us at Edrei.
85וַיֹּאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֵלַי אַל־תִּירָא אֹתוֹ כִּי בְיָדְךָ נָתַתִּי אֹתוֹ וְאֶת־כׇּל־עַמּוֹ וְאֶת־אַרְצוֹ וְעָשִׂיתָ לּוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתָ לְסִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר יוֹשֵׁב בְּחֶשְׁבּֽוֹןBut GOD said to me: Do not fear him, for I am delivering him and all his troops and his country into your power, and you will do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.
86וַיִּתֵּן יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ בְּיָדֵנוּ גַּם אֶת־עוֹג מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁן וְאֶת־כׇּל־עַמּוֹ וַנַּכֵּהוּ עַד־בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִֽיר־לוֹ שָׂרִֽידSo the ETERNAL our God also delivered into our power King Og of Bashan, with all his troops, and we dealt them such a blow that no survivor was left.
87וַנִּלְכֹּד אֶת־כׇּל־עָרָיו בָּעֵת הַהִוא לֹא הָֽיְתָה קִרְיָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־לָקַחְנוּ מֵֽאִתָּם שִׁשִּׁים עִיר כׇּל־חֶבֶל אַרְגֹּב מַמְלֶכֶת עוֹג בַּבָּשָֽׁןAt that time we captured all his towns; there was not a town that we did not take from them: sixty towns, the whole district of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan—
88כׇּל־אֵלֶּה עָרִים בְּצֻרֹת חוֹמָה גְבֹהָה דְּלָתַיִם וּבְרִיחַ לְבַד מֵעָרֵי הַפְּרָזִי הַרְבֵּה מְאֹֽדall those towns were fortified with high walls, gates, and bars—apart from a great number of unwalled towns.
89וַנַּחֲרֵם אוֹתָם כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשִׂינוּ לְסִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַחֲרֵם כׇּל־עִיר מְתִם הַנָּשִׁים וְהַטָּֽףWe doomed them as we had done in the case of King Sihon of Heshbon; we doomed every town—men, women, and children—
90וְכׇל־הַבְּהֵמָה וּשְׁלַל הֶעָרִים בַּזּוֹנוּ לָֽנוּand retained as booty all the cattle and the spoil of the towns.
91וַנִּקַּח בָּעֵת הַהִוא אֶת־הָאָרֶץ מִיַּד שְׁנֵי מַלְכֵי הָאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן מִנַּחַל אַרְנֹן עַד־הַר חֶרְמֽוֹןThus we seized, at that time, from the two Amorite kings, the country beyond the Jordan, from the wadi Arnon to Mount Hermon—
92צִידֹנִים יִקְרְאוּ לְחֶרְמוֹן שִׂרְיֹן וְהָאֱמֹרִי יִקְרְאוּ־לוֹ שְׂנִֽירSidonians called Hermon Sirion, and the Amorites call it Senir—
93כֹּל עָרֵי הַמִּישֹׁר וְכׇל־הַגִּלְעָד וְכׇל־הַבָּשָׁן עַד־סַלְכָה וְאֶדְרֶעִי עָרֵי מַמְלֶכֶת עוֹג בַּבָּשָֽׁןall the towns of the Tableland and the whole of Gilead and Bashan as far as Salcah and Edrei, the towns of Og’s kingdom in Bashan.
94כִּי רַק־עוֹג מֶלֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן נִשְׁאַר מִיֶּתֶר הָרְפָאִים הִנֵּה עַרְשׂוֹ עֶרֶשׂ בַּרְזֶל הֲלֹה הִוא בְּרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן תֵּשַׁע אַמּוֹת אׇרְכָּהּ וְאַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת רׇחְבָּהּ בְּאַמַּת־אִֽישׁOnly King Og of Bashan was left of the remaining Rephaim. His bedstead, an iron bedstead, is now in Rabbah of the Ammonites; it is nine cubits long and four cubits wide, by the standard cubit!
95וְאֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת יָרַשְׁנוּ בָּעֵת הַהִוא מֵעֲרֹעֵר אֲשֶׁר־עַל־נַחַל אַרְנֹן וַחֲצִי הַֽר־הַגִּלְעָד וְעָרָיו נָתַתִּי לָרֽאוּבֵנִי וְלַגָּדִֽיAnd this is the land that we apportioned at that time: The part from Aroer along the wadi Arnon, with part of the hill country of Gilead and its towns, I assigned to the Reubenites and the Gadites.
96וְיֶתֶר הַגִּלְעָד וְכׇל־הַבָּשָׁן מַמְלֶכֶת עוֹג נָתַתִּי לַחֲצִי שֵׁבֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁה כֹּל חֶבֶל הָֽאַרְגֹּב לְכׇל־הַבָּשָׁן הַהוּא יִקָּרֵא אֶרֶץ רְפָאִֽיםThe rest of Gilead, and all of Bashan under Og’s rule—the whole Argob district, all that part of Bashan that is called Rephaim country—I assigned to the half-tribe of Manasseh.
97יָאִיר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה לָקַח אֶת־כׇּל־חֶבֶל אַרְגֹּב עַד־גְּבוּל הַגְּשׁוּרִי וְהַמַּֽעֲכָתִי וַיִּקְרָא אֹתָם עַל־שְׁמוֹ אֶת־הַבָּשָׁן חַוֺּת יָאִיר עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּֽהJair son of Manasseh received the whole Argob district (that is, Bashan) as far as the boundary of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and named it after himself: Havvoth-jair—as is still the case.
98וּלְמָכִיר נָתַתִּי אֶת־הַגִּלְעָֽדTo Machir I assigned Gilead.
99וְלָראוּבֵנִי וְלַגָּדִי נָתַתִּי מִן־הַגִּלְעָד וְעַד־נַחַל אַרְנֹן תּוֹךְ הַנַּחַל וּגְבֻל וְעַד יַבֹּק הַנַּחַל גְּבוּל בְּנֵי עַמּֽוֹןAnd to the Reubenites and the Gadites I assigned the part from Gilead down to the wadi Arnon, the middle of the wadi being the boundary, and up to the wadi Jabbok, the boundary of the Ammonites.
100וְהָֽעֲרָבָה וְהַיַּרְדֵּן וּגְבֻל מִכִּנֶּרֶת וְעַד יָם הָֽעֲרָבָה יָם הַמֶּלַח תַּחַת אַשְׁדֹּת הַפִּסְגָּה מִזְרָֽחָה[We also seized] the Arabah, from the foot of the slopes of Pisgah on the east, to the edge of the Jordan, and from Chinnereth down to the sea of the Arabah, the Dead Sea.
101וָאֲצַו אֶתְכֶם בָּעֵת הַהִוא לֵאמֹר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם נָתַן לָכֶם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת לְרִשְׁתָּהּ חֲלוּצִים תַּֽעַבְרוּ לִפְנֵי אֲחֵיכֶם בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל כׇּל־בְּנֵי־חָֽיִלAt that time I charged you, saying, “The ETERNAL your God has given you this country to possess. You must go as shock-troops, warriors all, at the head of your fellow Israelites.
102רַק נְשֵׁיכֶם וְטַפְּכֶם וּמִקְנֵכֶם יָדַעְתִּי כִּֽי־מִקְנֶה רַב לָכֶם יֵֽשְׁבוּ בְּעָרֵיכֶם אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לָכֶֽםOnly your wives, children, and livestock—I know that you have much livestock—shall be left in the towns I have assigned to you,
103עַד אֲשֶׁר־יָנִיחַ יְהֹוָה לַֽאֲחֵיכֶם כָּכֶם וְיָרְשׁוּ גַם־הֵם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם נֹתֵן לָהֶם בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן וְשַׁבְתֶּם אִישׁ לִֽירֻשָּׁתוֹ אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לָכֶֽםuntil GOD has granted your kindred a haven such as you have, and they too have taken possession of the land that the ETERNAL your God is assigning them, beyond the Jordan. Then you may return each to the homestead that I have assigned to him.”
104וְאֶת־יְהוֹשׁוּעַ צִוֵּיתִי בָּעֵת הַהִוא לֵאמֹר עֵינֶיךָ הָרֹאֹת אֵת כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם לִשְׁנֵי הַמְּלָכִים הָאֵלֶּה כֵּֽן־יַעֲשֶׂה יְהֹוָה לְכׇל־הַמַּמְלָכוֹת אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה עֹבֵר שָֽׁמָּהI also charged Joshua at that time, saying, “You have seen with your own eyes all that the ETERNAL your God has done to these two kings; so shall GOD do to all the kingdoms into which you shall cross over.
105לֹא תִּֽירָאוּם כִּי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם הוּא הַנִּלְחָם לָכֶֽםDo not fear them, for it is the ETERNAL your God who will battle for you.”